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在沉降监测的工程实践中,精度评定通常是利用一个单位权方差因子与经验的权值来确定。权值通常是使用水准线路距离或者测站倒数来确定,这种方法应用于沉降监测存在一定问题。由于沉降监测的线路通常较短,测站数较少,采用距离或者测站数定权可能会导致超短水准线路的精度评定虚高。本文将沉降监测线路误差区分为测站误差和比例误差两部分并利用最小范数二次无偏估计(MINQUE)的方法进行精度评定。通过对某一沉降工程29期的数据进行平差计算,并采用不同定权方案进行精度评定,分析结果显示与现有的精度评定方法相比,MINQUE方法能够更客观地反应超短水准线路观测的精度。
In the engineering practice of settlement monitoring, the accuracy evaluation is usually determined by the weight of one unit of variance and the weight of experience. Weight is usually determined using the level of the line distance or station countdown, this method is used in settlement monitoring there are some problems. As the settlement monitoring lines are usually short, the number of stations less, the use of distance or station number of weights may lead to ultra-short level accuracy of the assessment of false lines. In this paper, the error of settlement monitoring line is divided into two parts: the station error and the proportional error, and the accuracy of the method is evaluated by the method of least-squares quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE). Through the adjustment of the data of 29 subsidence projects and the accuracy assessment of different schemes, the results show that compared with the existing accuracy assessment methods, the MINQUE method can more objectively reflect the observation of ultra-short leveling lines The accuracy.