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1简介建筑物要建造起来必须达到各种各样的技术要求。一系列的技术方法和标准的存在就是为了检测建筑在这些技术性能方面的表现。瑞典格夫勒开放性建筑大会,在这个方向取得巨大进展。此外,在其使用寿命期间,建筑物必须适应各方面的复杂社会需求。在最普遍的意义上,这些社会需求“不得不处理好建筑功能(规范要求和技术指标)和使用偏好(价值取向和个人选择)的关系”可以主要归纳为这两个方面:(1)偏重公共利益的功能要求;(2)偏重个人利益的功能要求。这两种功能要求的共存,对应社会利益的两个基本
1 Introduction Buildings must be constructed to meet a wide range of technical requirements. A series of technical methods and standards exists to test the performance of the building in terms of these technical properties. The opening ceremony of the Gefrage Building in Sweden made great strides in this direction. In addition, buildings must adapt to the complex social needs of all parties during their useful life. In the most general sense, these social needs “have to deal with the relationship between architectural functions (normative requirements and technical indicators) and preferences (values and personal choices)”, which can be mainly summarized in two aspects: (1 ) Emphasis on the functional requirements of the public interest; (2) emphasis on the functional requirements of personal interests. The coexistence of these two functional requirements corresponds to two basic social interests