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引言欧洲和世界各地一直栽培嫁接在半矮砧或乔砧上的苹果树。在欧洲,苹果树嫁接在M9砧上是有利的,一些果农仍喜欢栽培半矮化树,因为它不需耗费巨资或架材。在美国已大规模栽植了半矮化苹果树及乔砧短枝型品种,密度为300—400株/公顷。在新西兰和澳大利亚认为500—600株/公顷是理想的苹果栽培密度。在波兰,接于半矮砧及安托诺夫卡实生砧上的生长弱的苹果品种,栽植较密并取得了丰产。在1963—1972年间进行了一些苹果密植和整形试验,以获得最适栽植密度。最适栽植密度决定于树体生长势及整形方法。
INTRODUCTION Apple trees grafted on semi-an dwarf or Qiaoqiu have been cultivated in Europe and throughout the world. In Europe, grafting of apple trees on M9 anvils is advantageous, and some growers still prefer to cultivate semidwarf trees because it does not cost a lot of money or material. In the United States have been large-scale cultivation of semi-dwarf apple trees and Joe anvil spur-type varieties, the density of 300-400 plants / hectare. In New Zealand and Australia 500-600 plants / hectare is considered the ideal density of apple cultivation. In Poland, the weakened apple cultivars attached to semi-anvil and Ontonovka live anvils were planted more densely and achieved high yields. In 1963-1972, some apple planting and plastic tests were carried out to obtain the optimum planting density. The optimum planting density depends on the tree growth potential and plastic method.