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通过对森林经营的目标与森林经营者的行为动机进行分析认为,森林的消长变化主要是人们行为双重动机在砍伐和种树护树冲突中协调与均衡的结果。导致森林问题的根源是在塑造人类这双重动机方面起着重要作用的一系列制度(包括法规、政策)不能有效地调节人类的行为方式,不能有效地均衡森林生产、经营、管理中的利益关系,具体表现为“市场失灵”和“政府失灵”。要消除产生森林问题的制度根源,必须通过多方面、系统化的制度创新,从根本上调节人类森林经营的行为方式,使人与森林、森林生产者和消费者之间消除冲突,达到和谐、协调、统一。
Through analyzing the goal of forest management and the behavior motivation of forest managers, it is concluded that the changes of forest growth and decline mainly result from the coordination and balance of the dual motives of people behavior in the conflict between cutting down and planting trees. The root causes of forest problems are a series of systems (including regulations and policies) that play an important role in shaping the dual motivation of human beings. They can not effectively regulate human behavior and can not effectively balance the interest relations in forest production, management and management , Manifested as “market failure ” and “government failure ”. In order to eliminate the institutional root causes of forest problems, we must fundamentally regulate the behavior of human forest management and eliminate conflicts and achieve harmony among forests, forest producers and consumers through multi-faceted and systematic institutional innovations. Coordination, unity.