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2012—2014年在大田试验条件下设置仁用杏花生间作、仁用杏谷子间作、仁用杏甘薯间作、仁用杏单作、花生单作、谷子单作、甘薯单作7个种植模式,探讨了仁用杏作物间作对作物产量和土地生产力的影响。结果表明:间作作物与单作产量差异显著(P<0.05),3年间作花生、谷子、甘薯产量比单作平均减少62.90%、54.88%、64.32%,间作仁用杏与单作产量差异不显著(P>0.05);通过产量构成因素分析表明,仁用杏作物间作影响间作花生产量降低的因素为百粒重、荚果干重和仁干重,影响间作谷子产量降低的因素为穗长、穗粗和穗重,影响间作甘薯产量降低的因素为鲜重和干重;仁用杏谷子间作边3行叶片光合速率与单作差异不显著(P<0.05),这也是间作谷子产量降低较少的原因之一;仁用杏作物间作的土地当量比均大于1.00,说明3种间作模式均具有明显的间作优势,其中仁用杏谷子间作模式要优于其他模式,仁用杏谷子间作的土地生产力比仁用杏花生间作、仁用杏甘薯间作分别高5.15%、5.93%;相关分析发现,土地当量比与作物偏土地当量比呈极显著正相关(r=0.930**),与收获指数呈负相关(r=-0.299);仁用杏谷子间作模式的经济效益分别比仁用杏花生、甘薯间作高5.20%、7.88%。综合分析认为,仁用杏谷子间作最能够适宜当地生态环境,在东北风沙半干旱区持续雨养农业发展中具有很好的应用价值。
In 2012-2014, there were 7 planting modes of peanut almond intercropping, apricot and millet intercropping, apricot and sweet potato intercropping, apricot apricot single, peanut monocropping, The effects of apricot crop intercropping on crop yield and land productivity were discussed. The results showed that there was significant difference (P <0.05) between the intercrop crop and monocrop yield (P <0.05). The output of peanut, millet and sweetpotato decreased by 62.90%, 54.88% and 64.32% (P> 0.05). According to the analysis of yield components, the effect of intercropping with apricot kernel on the intercropping peanut yield was the result of 100-grain weight, dry weight of pod and dry kernel weight. Crude and panicle weight, the factors affecting the yield reduction of sweet potato were intercropping fresh weight and dry weight. There were no significant differences in leaf photosynthetic rate between single-cropping and inter-cropping (P <0.05) The ratio of land equivalent of intercropping with almonds was more than 1.00, which indicated that intercropping patterns had obvious intercropping advantages. Among them, intercropping patterns of apricot and millet were superior to other models, The productivity was 5.15% and 5.93% higher than that of apricot and peanut intercropping, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.930 **) between the land equivalent ratio and the yield equivalent ratio Was negatively correlated (r = -0.299); Economic benefits of apricot and millet intercropping modes were respectively 5.20% and 7.88% higher than those of apricot and peanut varieties. The comprehensive analysis shows that the apricot and millet intercropping can best suit the local ecological environment and has a good application value in the continuous rain-fed agriculture development in the semi-arid wind-blown northeast.