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雄激素受体(androgen receptor,AR)是核受体超家族的成员,主要通过与配体(雄激素)结合的方式发挥其生物学功能。AR在调节男性精子生成和发育,维持男性第二性征等方面起重要作用。此外,AR在前列腺癌、肝癌等疾病的发生发展中起重要作用。更有趣的是,近来研究发现,AR及其介导的靶基因转录在抵抗肥胖,抑制机体产生胰岛素抵抗中也发挥着不可忽视的作用。AR的辅助调节因子参与调控AR介导的基因转录,通过不同的分子机制影响着AR的活性,并且影响机体能量代谢活动。现就AR结构与功能、AR的辅助调节因子的作用机制及其对脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗等影响进行综述。
Androgen receptor (AR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, exerts its biological functions mainly through binding to the ligand (androgen). AR plays an important role in regulating male sperm production and development and maintaining male second sexual characteristics. In addition, AR plays an important role in the development of diseases such as prostate cancer and liver cancer. More interestingly, recent studies have found that AR and its target gene transcription also play a non-negligible role in the resistance to obesity and the inhibition of the body’s production of insulin resistance. Auxiliary regulators of AR are involved in the regulation of AR-mediated gene transcription, affecting AR activity through different molecular mechanisms and affecting the body’s energy metabolism activities. Now on the structure and function of AR, the AR regulatory mechanism and its effects on lipid metabolism, insulin resistance are reviewed.