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目的通过构建三维有限元模型,探索交通事故中人体膝关节损伤的成伤机制。方法根据1名男性志愿者下肢的CT扫描数据,构建包含股骨、胫骨、腓骨、髌骨、半月板、膝韧带及周围软组织的膝关节有限元模型。模拟膝关节侧面撞击,通过比较模型中提取的应力、应变数据与既往文献报道的损伤预测结果,验证模型的有效性。结果有限元模型模拟数据与既往文献结果相同,在40 m/s速度撞击情况下,韧带和半月板更容易受损,同时,通过有限元模型,损伤情况更易于观察。结论有限元损伤模拟结果可有效地应用于法医学损伤机制的分析。
Objective To explore the mechanism of traumatic injury of human knee joint in traffic accident by constructing three-dimensional finite element model. Methods According to CT scan data of the lower extremities of a male volunteer, a finite element model of the knee joint including femur, tibia, fibula, patella, meniscus, knee ligament and surrounding soft tissue was constructed. Simulations of knee lateral impact were performed to verify the validity of the model by comparing stress and strain data extracted from the model with previous predictions of injury reported in the literature. Results The finite element model data were the same as the previous literatures. The ligament and meniscus were more easily damaged under the impact of 40 m / s speed. At the same time, the damage was easier to observe by the finite element model. Conclusion Finite element damage simulation results can be effectively applied to the analysis of forensic injury mechanism.