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只要柏拉图的《理想国》和卢梭的《爱弥儿》留存于世,即使其他教育著述全都被焚毁,教育园地依然馥郁芬芳。“把儿童看作儿童”观的提出,确立了以儿童为中心的自然教育体系,同时也启迪了裴斯泰洛齐、康德、杜威等一批近现代教育家。自此,西方教育家把更多的注意力放在研究儿童的兴趣、特点上,一次以研究儿童世界为核心的教育改革在世界范围内逐渐展开,到杜威时代达到了高潮。即使儿童犯了错误,也绝对不能采取体罚等惩罚措施,应让他们在同大自然的接触中,体会到自己所犯错误和过失带来的自然后果。这就是教育史上有名的“自然后果法”。
As long as Plato’s “Republic of China” and Rousseau’s “Emile” survived, even if all other educational writings were burned, the educational field remained fragrant. The idea of “viewing children as children” established a natural education system centered on children, and enlightened a number of modern educators such as Pestalozzi, Kant and Dewey. Since then, Western educators have devoted more attention to the interest and characteristics of children. At the same time, an education reform centered on the children’s world has been gradually carried out in the world and culminated in the Dewey era. Even if children make mistakes, they will absolutely not be able to adopt punitive measures such as corporal punishment. They should be allowed to experience the natural consequences of their mistakes and mistakes in their contacts with nature. This is the famous “law of natural consequence” in the history of education.