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A simulated landfill biocover microcosm consisting of a modifying ceramsite material and compost were investigated.Results show that the mixture can improve the material porosity and achieve a stable and highly efficient (100％) methane oxidation over an extended operating period.The diversity of the methanotrophic community in the microcosm was assessed.Type Ⅰ methanotrophs were enhanced in the microcosm due to the increased air diffusion and distribution,whereas the microbial diversity and population density of type Ⅱ methanotrophs were not significantly affected.Moreover,the type Ⅰ methanotrophic community structure significantly varied with the reactor height,whereas that of type Ⅱ methanotrophic communities did not exhibit a spatial variation.Phylogenetic analysis showed that type Ⅰ methanotroph-based nested polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) resulted in the detection of eight different populations,most of which are related to Methylobacter sp.,whereas that of type Ⅱ resulted in the detection of nine different populations,most of which are related to Methylocystaceae.Methanotrophic community analysis also indicated that a number of new methanotrophic genera not closely related to any known methanotrophic populations were present.