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目的了解医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用情况,为进一步做好医院感染管理工作提供科学依据。方法 2011年6月24-25日采用病例调查与床旁调查相结合的方法,逐一填写现患率个案调查表,统计数据并分析研究。结果调查的1108例患者中,医院感染29例、31例次,医院感染现患率为2.62%、例次感染率为2.80%;ICU医院感染现患率最高,为71.43%,其次为NICU,现患率为12.50%;感染部位以下呼吸道及泌尿道为主,各占32.26%;1108例患者中抗菌药物使用共370例,抗菌药物使用率为33.39%,以一联和二联用药为主,分别占57.57%和38.11%;治疗性使用抗菌药物病原学送检43例,送检率仅为27.04%。结论需加强对高危科室和易感人群的医院感染管理,降低下呼吸道和泌尿道的感染,提高病原学送检率,合理使用抗菌药物,才能有效控制医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the current prevalence of nosocomial infections and the use of antibacterials in order to provide a scientific basis for further nosocomial infection management. Methods From June 24 to 25, 2011, a case-by-case survey and a bedside survey were used to fill out the case-by-case questionnaire, statistics and analysis. Results Among the 1108 patients surveyed, 29 were hospital-acquired and 31 were hospitalized. The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 2.62% and the incidence of nosocomial infection was 2.80%. The prevalence rate of ICU nosocomial infection was the highest (71.43%), followed by the prevalence of NICU (12.26%). Among 1108 patients, 370 cases were used antimicrobial drugs, the use rate of antimicrobial drugs was 33.39%, with one and two drugs as the main components, accounting for 57.57% and 38.11% respectively. The therapeutic use of antimicrobial etiology was 43 cases, the detection rate was only 27.04%. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the management of nosocomial infections in high-risk departments and susceptible populations, to reduce the infection of lower respiratory tract and urinary tract, to increase the rate of etiological examination, and to use antimicrobial drugs reasonably to effectively control nosocomial infections.