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目的了解医院感染病原菌变化趋势和耐药性变化情况,为医院感染的防控和临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法通过回顾性分析方法,对某医院连续6年住院患者送检病原学标本检测结果进行统计分析。结果从该医院住院的医院感染患者送检标本中共检出病原菌964株,其中革兰阴性菌占68.46%,革兰阳性球菌占21.37%,真菌占10.17%。革兰阴性菌优势菌包括大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌;革兰阳性菌优势菌为金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌;真菌优势菌为白色假丝酵母菌。临床分离的病原菌耐药现象较严重,常呈多药耐药,且耐药菌有增加趋势。结论该医院临床分离病原菌以革兰阴性菌占绝对优势,且耐药现象严重,应加强抗菌药物合理使用,重视真菌感染的监测。
Objective To understand the trend of change of hospital infection pathogens and the change of drug resistance so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections and the rational use of antibacterials in clinic. Methods The retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the detection results of etiological specimens from hospital for 6 consecutive years. Results A total of 964 pathogenic bacteria were detected in hospitalized patients hospitalized in the hospital, of which, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.46%, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 21.37% and fungi accounted for 10.17%. Gram-negative bacteria include Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae; Gram-positive bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; fungal advantages Candida albicans. Clinical isolates of pathogens more serious drug resistance, often multi-drug resistance, and drug-resistant bacteria have an increasing trend. Conclusion The clinical isolates of pathogens in this hospital are Gram-negative bacteria, which are absolutely dominant. The drug resistance is serious. The rational use of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened and the monitoring of fungal infections should be emphasized.