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一、软土地基的特性1. 颗粒小,孔隙比大软土通指饱和粘土,或淤泥质粘土和淤泥。其颗粒结构以粒径小于5μ的粘粒为主。孔隙比一般大到1.0～2.0,我国云贵高原的煤田地带有一种泥炭,其孔隙比高达6～7。目前还被视为工程地质的禁区,不敢触及。但在国外,墨西哥城的火山灰质淤泥孔隙比高达7～12,已被工程师们所征服。2. 含水量大,塑性高软土地基的含水量高于其液限,一般为50%左右。贵州泥炭的含水量则高达300%,而墨西哥淤泥的含水量竟高达600%。按我国《地基与基础工程设计规范》(TJ7-74)规定,软土地基的塑性指数I_P
First, the characteristics of soft soils 1. Small particles, pore ratio refers to large soft clay saturated clay, or muddy clay and silt. Its particle structure is mainly composed of cohesive particles with a particle size of less than 5μ. The porosity ratio is generally as large as 1.0 to 2.0. The coal field of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau contains a kind of peat, and its void ratio is as high as 6-7. Currently considered as a restricted area of engineering geology, it is not worth touching. However, in foreign countries, the porosity of pozzolanic sludge in Mexico City is as high as 7 to 12, which has been conquered by engineers. 2. The water content is large, and the water content of plastic high soft soil foundation is higher than its liquid limit, generally about 50%. The water content of peat in Guizhou is as high as 300%, while the moisture content of Mexican sludge is as high as 600%. According to China’s “Code for Design of Foundations and Foundation Engineering” (TJ7-74), the Plasticity Index of Soft Soil Foundation I_P