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目的 :研究抑癌基因p15、Rb蛋白表达对喉鳞状细胞癌诊断、治疗及预后判断的意义。方法 :用免疫组化SABC法检测喉癌组 45例石蜡标本与对照组 15例喉部正常或增生的黏膜上皮标本的 p15、Rb蛋白表达情况。结果 :喉鳞状细胞癌组p15蛋白阳性率 (48.9%)与对照组阳性率 (10 0 .0 %)比较 ,差异有极显著性意义 (P<0 .0 1) ;喉癌组中 0～Ⅱ期 p15蛋白阳性率 (6 6 .7%)与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期阳性率 (33.3%)比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;喉癌组Rb蛋白阳性率 (88.9%)与对照组阳性率 (93.3%)比较 ,差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;2× 2列联表 χ2 检验 ,p15、Rb蛋白表达无相关性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;对照组中 ,p15蛋白的表达以鳞状上皮组织中远离基膜的棘层细胞、颗粒层细胞明显 ,而Rb蛋白的表达则以基底层细胞及近侧棘层细胞明显。结论 :抑癌基因 p15的表达缺失对喉鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展有一定的作用 ,p15蛋白的检测对喉鳞状细胞癌的治疗及估计预后有指导意义 ;喉鳞状细胞癌组织中 p15、Rb的蛋白表达无相关性 ;正常及增生的喉部鳞状上皮的细胞层次间 ,p15、Rb蛋白表达不一致 ,p15蛋白表达对细胞增殖有抑制作用。
Objective: To study the significance of the expression of tumor suppressor genes p15 and Rb in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical SABC method was used to detect p15, Rb protein expression in 15 cases of laryngeal normal or hyperplastic mucosa epithelial specimens from 45 paraffin-embedded specimens of laryngeal cancer group and control group. Results: The positive rate of p15 protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (48.9%) was significantly higher than that in control group (100.0%) (P <0.01) The positive rate of p15 protein in stage Ⅱ ~ (67.6%) was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ (33.3%) (P <0. 05) %) Was not significantly different from that of the control group (93.3%) (P> 0.05). There was no significant correlation between the expression of p15 and Rb protein in 2 × 2 contingency table χ2 test (P> 0.05) 5). In the control group, the expression of p15 protein was mainly in the stratum spinosum cells in the squamous epithelium away from the basilar membrane, whereas the expression of Rb protein was markedly evident in basal cells and proximal stratum spinosum cells. CONCLUSION: The loss of expression of the tumor suppressor gene p15 has a certain effect on the occurrence and development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The detection of p15 protein is of guiding significance for the treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and prognosis. In laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma p15, Rb protein expression no correlation; normal and hyperplastic laryngeal squamous cell layer, p15, Rb protein expression is inconsistent, p15 protein expression on cell proliferation inhibition.