尽管是最简单的几何形状的工件,用计算来求应力集中系数是十分耗费时间的,这里的实验方法是关于从简单的沟槽到钻过孔的任何形状的应力集中系数的。这种方法是基于在屈服应力之前,材料按虎克定律以常增量变形,在屈服点以上便以非线性增量变形。因此,任何偏离直线(虎克定律)的应力应变关系表示,虽然外加应力还低于屈服点,材料的有些部分的应力已经达到屈服点,于是,应力集中系数就可以根据真实屈服 Although it is the simplest geometry of a workpiece, it is time-consuming to calculate the stress concentration factor by calculation. The experimental method here is about the stress concentration factor of any shape from a simple groove to a drilled hole. This method is based on the fact that the material deforms at a constant increment according to Hooke’s law before it reaches yield stress and deforms in a non-linear manner above the yield point. Therefore, any stress-strain relationship that deviates from a straight line (Hooke’s law) indicates that although the applied stress is still below the yield point and the stress in some parts of the material has reached the yield point, the stress concentration factor can be calculated according to the true yield