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目的探索不同浓度谷氨酸钠(MSG)摄入对大鼠代谢及胰岛细胞凋亡的影响。方法将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、MSG标准剂量组、MSG 4倍标准剂量组、MSG 8倍标准剂量组,每组10只。对照组给予生理盐水灌胃,MSG组给予自配的MSG溶液灌胃,每周空腹取尾静脉血1次,测血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇水平,于33周取颈动脉血测其血糖、胰岛素、甘油三酯、总胆固醇水平。结果不同组间血糖水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但MSG 8倍标准剂量组与其他3组比较,甘油三酯、总胆固醇、胰岛素水平均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),MSG 8倍标准剂量组的胰岛素抵抗指标与其他3组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明该组出现了胰岛素抵抗;各MSG组均造成胰岛细胞的形态学改变,且随着MSG浓度的升高,胰岛细胞的凋亡率也逐渐升高,8倍MSG剂量组与其他组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高剂量MSG摄入会造成代谢紊乱并损伤胰岛功能,一旦胰岛功能由胰岛素抵抗发展至胰岛失代偿,可能会引发高血糖。
Objective To explore the effects of different concentrations of sodium glutamate (MSG) on metabolism and islet cell apoptosis in rats. Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, MSG standard dose group, MSG 4-fold standard dose group and MSG 8-fold standard dose group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the control group were administered with normal saline. MSG group was given gavage with self-formulated MSG solution. The tail vein blood was taken once a week for measurement of blood glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Carotid artery blood glucose was measured at 33 weeks , Insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol levels. Results There was no significant difference in blood glucose level among different groups (P> 0.05). However, the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and insulin in MSG 8-fold standard-dose group were significantly higher than those in the other 3 groups P <0.05). Compared with the other three groups, the insulin resistance index of MSG 8-fold standard dose group had statistical significance (P <0.05), which indicated that insulin resistance was found in this group. The morphology of islet cells in each MSG group With the increase of MSG concentration, the apoptosis rate of islet cells gradually increased. Compared with other groups, the 8-fold MSG dose group had significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion Ingestion of high-dose MSG can cause metabolic disorders and impair pancreatic islet function. Once pancreatic islet function develops from insulin resistance to decompensated islets, hyperglycemia may be triggered.