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目的:通过监测赛艇运动员膳食摄入和生理生化指标变化,制定营养补充方案,调整其膳食结构。方法:采用称重法对9名女子赛艇运动员进行膳食营养调查,根据调查结果及训练实际制定营养补充方案,监测和分析营养干预前后膳食营养状况、身体成分和血红蛋白的变化。结果:营养干预后,运动员的能量、宏量营养素、维生素和矿物质的摄入量均达到推荐量的85%以上。运动员体重从73.6kg恢复到74.3kg(P<0.05),瘦体重达到峰值,同时体脂百分比维持在正常水平,未见显著变化。此外,运动员血红蛋白水平从131.3g/L增加到146.1g/L(P<0.05)。结果表明,科学营养干预改善了运动员的营养状况,使其体重和血红蛋白水平处于理想范围,为切实保障训练和比赛奠定了基础。
OBJECTIVE: By monitoring the changes of dietary intake and physiological and biochemical indexes of rowers, the nutritional supplement scheme was formulated to adjust its dietary structure. Methods: Nine female rowers were enrolled in the diet nutrition survey by weighing method. Based on the survey results and actual training, nutritional supplements were formulated to monitor and analyze the changes of dietary nutritional status, body composition and hemoglobin before and after nutritional intervention. Results: After nutrition intervention, the athletes’ energy, macronutrients, vitamins and minerals intake reached more than 85% of the recommended amount. The body weight of athletes recovered from 73.6kg to 74.3kg (P <0.05), lean body mass peaked, and body fat percentage remained at normal level with no significant change. In addition, hemoglobin levels increased from 131.3 g / L to 146.1 g / L (P <0.05). The results showed that scientific nutrition intervention improved the nutritional status of athletes, making their body weight and hemoglobin level in the ideal range, which laid the foundation for the practical protection of training and competition.