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目的研究不同剂量壬基酚(nonylphenol,NP)对大鼠甲状腺功能和细胞超微结构形态的影响,探讨内分泌干扰物NP对大鼠甲状腺的毒性作用。方法健康4周龄SD大鼠40只,随机分为溶剂对照组、低剂量组(40 mg/kg)、中剂量组(80 mg/kg)、高剂量组(200 mg/kg)共4组,每组有大鼠10只,雌雄各半,灌胃染毒。染毒15 d后观察其血清学、甲状腺滤泡细胞超微结构改变。结果 染毒15 d后,各实验组FT4(Free tetraiodothyronine)、FT3(Freetriiodothyronine)浓度呈逐渐降低的趋势,且与NP剂量呈负相关(FT4 r=-0.932;FT3 r=-0.926),与对照组相比差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);中高剂量组与低剂量组相比差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各实验组的TSH浓度呈逐渐升高的趋势,且与NP剂量呈正相关(r=0.967),与对照组相比差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);中高剂量组与低剂量组相比差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各实验组均可见甲状腺组织增生,且增生的程度随NP染毒剂量增加而加重。透射电镜观察可见实验组的甲状腺滤泡细胞胞浆内有大量明显扩张呈囊状的粗面内质网,中高剂量组有线粒体损伤,各组胞核、胞膜未见损伤。结论在该试验条件下,NP可损伤甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞的内质网和线粒体,同时NP可造成甲状腺功能减低。
Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of nonylphenol (NP) on thyroid function and ultrastructure in rats and explore the toxic effects of endocrine disruptor NP on the thyroid in rats. Methods Forty four-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, low dose group (40 mg / kg), middle dose group (80 mg / kg) and high dose group (200 mg / kg) , Each group has 10 rats, male and female, gavage poisoning. Serum was observed after 15 days of exposure and the ultrastructure of thyroid follicular cells was changed. Results After 15 d of exposure, the concentrations of Free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) and Free triiodothyronine (FT3) in each experimental group decreased gradually and were negatively correlated with the dose of NP (FT4 r = -0.932; FT3 r = -0.926) (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the medium and high dose groups and the low dose group (P <0.05). The concentration of TSH in each experimental group showed a trend of increasing gradually with a positive correlation with NP dose (r = 0.967), which was significantly different from that of the control group (P <0.05). Compared with the low dose group, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The experimental group can be seen in thyroid tissue proliferation, and the degree of proliferation with NP dose increased. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the cytoplasm of thyroid follicular cells in cytoplasm of the thyroid follicles showed a large number of rough endoplasmic reticular cysts, while the middle and high dose groups had mitochondrial damage. No damage was found in the nuclei and membranes of the experimental groups. Conclusion Under this test condition, NP can damage the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of thyroid follicular epithelial cells, while NP can cause hypothyroidism.