如果把绘画、雕塑、建筑和书法都称作视觉艺术,绘画和书法可称为平面视觉艺术。平面视觉艺术在二维的画幅平面上展开,因此这些艺术作品展现二维的幻象非常方便:在平面上随手画出一线一形,这些构成元素(线、形)实际占有的位置和作品所显示的幻象的空间位置完全重合——它们都在二维平面中展开。自然,在平面视觉艺术中,人们首先把握的便是二维空间幻象。今天所发现的早期绘画,不论是西班牙阿尔泰米拉石窟壁画,还是中国仰韶文化时期陶画,所展现的都是平面形体。至于各个民族的早期文字,都满足于在平面上作出某种标记,都不曾(也 If painting, sculpture, architecture and calligraphy are both called visual arts, painting and calligraphy can be called planar visual arts. Plane visual arts unfold in a two-dimensional frame format. Therefore, the two-dimensional illusions of these works of art are very convenient: drawing lines and shapes on the plane, the actual position of these elements (lines and shapes) and the works displayed The phantom space exactly coincides - they all unfold in a two-dimensional plane. Of course, in the visual art of plane, what people first grasp is a two-dimensional space illusion. The early paintings discovered today, whether they are the murals of the Altai Milla Grottoes in Spain or the pottery paintings of the Yangshao period in China, all show a flat form. As for the early writings of all ethnic groups, they were content to make some mark on the plane, neither