一、前言抗原激发机体的免疫应答是一个非常复杂的过程,一般可分为三个阶段,即免疫细胞对抗原的识别,免疫细胞的活化与分化,致敏效应细胞和分子对抗原的效应作用。在第一阶段,免疫细胞如何识别、处理抗原,如何将抗原提呈(presentation)、传递给淋巴细胞,有哪些细胞具有抗原提呈作用,这些问题是免疫学工作者非常感兴趣的,也是免疫学领域内非常活跃的研究课题之一。自前,研究最深入,证据最充足的抗原提呈细 I. INTRODUCTION The immune response of antigen-stimulated organisms is a very complex process and can be divided into three phases: identification of antigens by immune cells, activation and differentiation of immune cells, effects of sensitized effector cells and molecules on antigens . In the first phase, how immune cells recognize and process antigens, how they present antigens, and deliver them to lymphocytes, and which cells have antigen-presenting functions are of great interest to immunologists as well as to immunization One of the most active research topics in the field of science. In the past, the most thoroughly researched and evidence-based antigen presentation was fine