采用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜直接观察了球墨铸铁在加热过程中渗碳体的分解和石墨形态的演化。结果表明:球墨铸铁在加热过程中渗碳体逐渐溶解,加热速率越快,渗碳体的分解速率越快。加热过程中石墨形态的演变行为与加热速率有关。加热速率较慢,组织中出现了小石墨,原有石墨长大。加热速率较快,渗碳体周围的小石墨逐渐溶解变小。 Using laser confocal scanning microscope, the decomposition of cementite and the evolution of graphite morphology during the heating process were directly observed. The results show that the cementite dissolves gradually during heating, and the faster the heating rate, the faster the cementite decomposes. The evolution of graphite morphology during heating is related to the heating rate. Slow heating rate, the organization appeared in small graphite, the original graphite grew up. The heating rate is faster, and the small graphite around the cementite gradually dissolves and becomes smaller.