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本世纪以来,随着科学技术的进步和社会生产力的极大提高,人类创造了前所未有的物质文明,加速推进了文明发展的进程。与此同时,人口剧增、资源过度消耗、环境污染、生态破坏等间题日益严重,阻碍着经济的发展和人民生活质量的提高,进而威胁着全人类的生存和发展。在这种背景下,人类不得不对自己所走过的道路进行重新审视。过去那种“先污染后治理”,把环境与发展分开的政策,是把环境保护置于传统发展模式的修补位置上,是不能从根本上解决环境问题的。以1992年联合国环发大会为标志,人类对环境与发展的认识进入了一个新阶段,即:环境与发展密不可分,环境是
Since the beginning of this century, with the advancement of science and technology and the great increase of social productive forces, mankind has created an unprecedented material civilization and accelerated the process of the development of civilization. At the same time, the problems such as the drastic increase of population, over-consumption of resources, environmental pollution and ecological destruction are aggravating day by day, hindering the economic development and improving the quality of people’s life, thereby threatening the survival and development of all mankind. In this context, human beings have to re-examine the path they have taken. In the past, the policy of “treating after pollution first” and separating the environment from development was to put environmental protection at a mending position of the traditional development model and not solve the environmental problems fundamentally. Marked by the 1992 UN General Assembly’s UN development conference, humankind’s understanding of environment and development has entered a new stage: the environment is inseparable from development and the environment is