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目的探讨微波辐射对大鼠大脑皮质突触结构和神经递质含量的影响。方法采用10、30和50mW/cm2微波辐射Wistar大鼠,辐射后6h通过透射电镜观察大鼠大脑皮质突触结构改变;采用高效液相色谱仪检测大脑皮质氨基酸递质含量改变,采用分光光度法检测乙酰胆碱递质含量以及胆碱酯酶活性的变化。结果10、30、50mW/cm2微波辐射均可引起大脑皮质突触囊泡堆积、活性区延长、突触后致密物和突触曲率增加以及突触穿孔。10mW/cm2辐射后6h,天门冬氨酸(Asp)和甘氨酸(Gly)含量增加(P<0.01);30mW/cm2辐射后6h,大脑皮质Gly含量减少(P<0.05);50mW/cm2辐射后6h,Asp、谷氨酸(Glu)、Gly、γ-氨基丁酸(GA-BA)含量均增加(P<0.01)。10mW/cm2辐射后6h,大脑皮质乙酰胆碱含量增加(P<0.05),胆碱酯酶活性降低(P<0.01);30和50mW/cm2辐射后6h,乙酰胆碱含量增加,胆碱酯酶活性升高(P<0.01)。结论微波辐射可引起大脑皮质突触结构损伤,氨基酸递质和乙酰胆碱代谢紊乱,进而可能影响正常的脑功能。
Objective To investigate the effect of microwave radiation on synapse structure and neurotransmitter in cerebral cortex of rats. Methods The Wistar rats were exposed to 10, 30 and 50 mW / cm2 microwaves respectively. The synapse structure of the cerebral cortex was observed by transmission electron microscopy at 6h after irradiation. The contents of amino acid transmitters in the cerebral cortex were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Changes in acetylcholine content and cholinesterase activity were measured. Results 10, 30, 50mW / cm2 microwave radiation can cause synaptic vesicle accumulation in the cerebral cortex, prolonging the active region, increased synaptic density and synaptic curvature, and synaptic perforation. The content of Asp and Gly increased at 6h after irradiated with 10mW / cm2 (P <0.01), and the content of Gly decreased (P <0.05) 6d after 30mW / cm2 irradiation; 6h, Asp, Glu, Gly and γ-aminobutyric acid (GA-BA) increased (P <0.01). The content of acetylcholine increased (P <0.05) and the activity of cholinesterase decreased (P <0.01) 6 h after irradiation with 10 mW / cm 2, the content of acetylcholine increased and the activity of cholinesterase increased (P <0.01). Conclusion The microwave radiation can cause synaptic structural damage in the cerebral cortex, amino acid transmitter and acetylcholine metabolism disorders, which may affect normal brain function.