地幔中岩浆起源的深度是多少?陆壳中由部分熔融岩浆形成的混合岩的温度有多高?大陆碰撞带古沉积物的俯冲作用有多深?全世界的火成岩和变质岩岩石学家不断地提出这些及其它一些问题。只有对地球物质或简易的化学系统进行实验室研究,才能提供可靠的答案。现在这些研究需要昂贵的高庄设备和维护费,并且也是一种乏味而细致的工作。快速又得出惊人结果的时代已经结束。因此,许多岩石学家,特别是美国的岩石学家,根据热力学的数据,正转向更快的计算矿物平衡的方法。另一方面,或许反映一种更保守的态度,欧洲的科学家对放弃新获得的技术更为犹 What is the depth of the origin of the magma in the mantle? How high is the temperature of the mixed rocks formed by part of the molten magma in the continental crust? How deep is the subduction of the ancient sediments in the continental collision zone? The igneous and metamorphic petrophysicists in the world continuously These and other issues are raised. Only laboratory research on earth matter or simple chemical systems can provide reliable answers. Now these studies require expensive equipment and maintenance costs, but also a tedious and meticulous work. The era of rapid and surprising results is over. As a result, many petrographers, especially those in the United States, are moving toward faster methods of calculating mineral balance based on thermodynamic data. On the other hand, perhaps reflecting a more conservative attitude, European scientists are even more likely to abandon newly acquired technologies