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试验采用团聚体分组和闭蓄态微团聚体分离技术,将土壤有机碳分为总粗颗粒有机质(活性碳库)、总细颗粒有机质(慢性碳库)和总粉粘粒(惰性碳库)等组分,研究长期施肥对东北黑土不同活性有机碳库的影响。结果显示,与不施肥相比,19年连续单独施用化肥没有影响土壤有机碳含量和土壤总体的团聚化效果;化肥和有机肥配施则显著提高了土壤团聚化程度,增加了有机碳含量和储量,增幅分别为36%和18%。粉粘粒结合有机碳占土壤总有机碳的50%~70%,其作为惰性碳库是黑土有机碳的重要组成部分。与无肥相比,单施化肥没有影响不同活性有机碳库含量及土壤有机碳库的稳定性;有机无机配施没有改变土壤中粉粘粒结合有机碳含量,但显著提高了总粗颗粒有机质和总细颗粒有机质中有机碳含量,降低了土壤有机碳库的稳定性。有机无机配施土壤中活性有机碳的增加,一方面有利于提高农田黑土生产力,另一方面又会加剧温室效应。因此,在保证作物产量的同时,尽量减少CO_2排放,确定适宜的有机肥施用量,是解决黑土区农业生产和环境保护矛盾的重要途径。
Soil organic carbon was divided into total coarse organic matter (active carbon pool), total fine particulate organic matter (C) and total grit (inert carbon pool) by using agglomeration grouping and closed-state microaggregate separation techniques. And other components to study the effects of long-term fertilization on different active carbon pools in the black soil of Northeast China. The results showed that continuous application of fertilizer alone for 19 years had no effect on soil organic carbon content and soil aggregates, compared with no fertilization. Fertilizer and organic manure significantly increased the degree of soil aggregation and increased organic carbon content and Reserves, an increase of 36% and 18% respectively. Flour together with organic carbon accounts for 50-70% of the total soil organic carbon. As an inert carbon pool, it is an important component of organic carbon in the black soil. Compared with no fertilizer, single application of chemical fertilizers did not affect the content of different active organic carbon pools and the stability of soil organic carbon pool; organic and inorganic combination did not change the soil organic matter content of powdery clay, but significantly increased the total coarse particulate organic matter And organic carbon content in total fine particulate organic matter, reducing the stability of soil organic carbon pool. Organic and inorganic application of active organic carbon in the soil increases, on the one hand help to improve farmland productivity of black soil, on the other hand will exacerbate the greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is an important way to solve the contradiction between agricultural production and environmental protection in the black soil area while ensuring the crop yield, minimizing the CO 2 emission and determining the appropriate organic fertilizer application rate.