有些字往往有两个或更多的读音。这有两种情况:一种是虽读音有异,而意义不变,称为“又读”字,这往往是书读和口读的不同,或者本为异读,后来約定俗成仅存一读;一种是异读即异义,义随音转,称为异义异读字。这里谈的是属于后者。教学和阅读时必須明了字的异读,这样才能正确地传授知识,才利于理解文意;而口头表达中更要使用正确,否則就有碍于相互了解语意,不利于交流思想,相互交际。异读字在古典作品中,尤其先秦古籍中数量特大,而现代汉語中也为数不少,常见的也有三百余字。我們必須重视这种語言现象,具备这方面的文字知识。现代汉語中的异读字,有以下几种情况。一种是韵母相同,而声母不同。例如:“长”字,在“长短”中读cháng,在“成长”“长幼”中读zhǎng;“重”字,在“轻重”中读zhòng,在“重复”中读chóng;“传”字,在“传記”中读zhuàn,在“传布”“传奇”中读chuán;“盛”字,在“盛饭”中读chéng,在“盛大”“姓盛”中读shèng;“弄”字,在“玩弄”“弄好”中读nòng,在“里弄”中读lòng。一种情况是声母相同,而韵母不同。例如:“落”字,在“落下东西”中读là,在“降落”“落后”中读luo;“露”字,在“暴露”、“露水”中读lù,在“露头儿”中读lòu;“核”字,在“核心”“核定”中读hé,在“杏核儿”中读hú“还”字,在“还要”“还不来”中读hai,在“还家”中 Some words tend to have two or more pronunciations. There are two kinds of situations: one is that although the pronunciation is different and the meaning is the same, it is called “read again”. This is often the difference between book reading and oral reading, or the book is different reading, One is different meaning that is synonymous with righteousness, known as synonymous words. Talking about here belongs to the latter. Teaching and reading must be understood when the word is different, so as to correctly impart knowledge, is conducive to the understanding of the text; but also to use the correct verbal expression, otherwise impede mutual understanding of semantics, is not conducive to the exchange of ideas and communication. Different characters in the classical works, especially in ancient times the ancient number of large, but also a large number of modern Chinese, there are also common three hundred words. We must attach importance to this linguistic phenomenon, with knowledge of this text. Different characters in modern Chinese, the following situations. One is the same vowel, while the initials are different. For example: “long” word, in the “length” in reading cháng, in “growth” “long young” in reading zhǎng; “heavy” word, “light” in reading zhòng, “repeat” in reading chóng; “In the” biography “read zhuàn, in the” spread “” legend “in reading chuán;” Sheng “word,” Shengfan “read chéng,” grand “” surname Sheng “in reading shèng; Get ”in the“ play ”“ make ”reading nòng,“ Lane Lane ”in reading lòng. A situation is the same initial consonants, vowels are different. For example: “off” in the “drop things” in the reading là, “landing” “backward” in reading luo; “Lu” word, “exposure”, “dew” in reading lù, “outcrop” Read lòu; “nuclear” word, “core” “approved” read hé, “almond nuclear children” in reading hú “also” word, “also want” at home