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肾间质纤维化是指胶原分子在肾间质的累积,是慢性肾脏病的最终病理结局和共同死亡通路。肾间质纤维化发生、发展涉及多种细胞及分子,包括巨噬细胞、肌成纤维细胞、生长因子、基质金属蛋白酶或基质金属蛋白酶抑制物等。巨噬细胞在肾间质纤维化的进程中起重要作用,巨噬细胞的异质性可促进肾纤维化,且对肾脏损伤修复有重要作用。M1型活化巨噬细胞有促炎及促纤维化的作用,M2型活化巨噬细胞可能发挥抗纤维化及促进组织修复作用。本文就巨噬细胞诱导肾间质纤维化机制的研究进展作一综述。
Renal interstitial fibrosis refers to the accumulation of collagen molecules in the renal interstitium, the final pathological outcome of chronic kidney disease and common death pathway. Renal interstitial fibrosis occurs, development involves a variety of cells and molecules, including macrophages, myofibroblasts, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases or matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Macrophages play an important role in the process of renal interstitial fibrosis. The heterogeneity of macrophages can promote renal fibrosis and play an important role in kidney injury and repair. M1 activated macrophages have proinflammatory and fibrotic effects, M2 activated macrophages may play an anti-fibrosis and promote tissue repair. This review summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of macrophage inducing renal interstitial fibrosis.