司马迁的天命观具有儒道互补的特征。一方面承继道家的天命自然观,认为天道无知,人事兴替应从自身寻找原因,据此对神仙迷信提出了质疑,对天道报应说进行了批判。另一方面,他的思想受到儒家孔、孟、董仲舒等影响,认为天命可以相符。天道自然观和天命论的同时存在使他的思想体现出双重性。 Sima Qian’s outlook on heaven has the characteristics of Confucianism and complementarity. On the one hand, it inherits the natural outlook of Taoist heavenly nature, believes that ignorance of heaven, the rise and fall of personnel should look for its own reasons, accordingly, it has questioned the immortal superstition and criticized the proclamation of heavenly rebellion. On the other hand, his thinking is influenced by Confucianism, Confucianism, Dong Zhongshu, etc., and believes that Heaven can match. The simultaneous existence of natural outlook on heaven and destiny makes his thinking reflect dualism.