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华南包括北西侧扬子板块和南东侧华夏板块,钦(州湾)-杭(州湾)结合带是两板块的巨型构造结合带。它从西南端广西钦州湾,经湘东和赣中延伸到东北端浙江杭州湾地区,全长近2000 km,宽100~150 km,总体呈反S状弧形型展布。新元古代华南经历的古华南洋俯冲消减以及两板块间碰撞拼贴过程,在学界取得了广泛共识。南华纪-早古生代,拼贴的板块拉张-裂解形成盆地,但学者们对盆地的性质认识不一,特别是奥陶纪-志留纪不整合事件的地球动力学过程仍不清楚。主流观点认为陆内造山是加里东造山运动的主要机制,震旦-早古生代的盆地性质为陆内海。还有一些学者认为,大洋板块俯冲是华南加里东期造山运动的主要构造机制,华南存在震旦-早古生代残留洋盆。总之,加里东期造山运动的构造属性存在争议。本文更倾向于后一种观点。
South China includes the Yangtze Plate on the northwestern side and the Huaxia Plate on the south-eastern side. The Qin (State Bay) -Han (State Gulf) belt is a mega structural bond belt between the two plates. It extends from Qinzhou Bay in the southwestern part of Guangxi Province to the northeastern end of Hangzhou Bay in Zhejiang Province via the areas of Xiangdong and Gansu. It has a total length of nearly 2000 km and a width of 100-150 km, showing an inverse S-shaped arc distribution. In the Neoproterozoic South China experienced the Paleo-Pacific Ocean subduction reduction and collision between the two plates collage process in the academic community has made broad consensus. In the Nanhua-Early Paleozoic, the collapsed plates expanded and cracked to form basins. However, scholars did not understand the nature of the basins. In particular, the geodynamic process of Ordovician-Silurian unconformities remains unclear. The mainstream view is that intracontinental orogeny is the main mechanism of the Caledonian orogeny, and the Sinian-Early Paleozoic basin is inland sea. Some scholars believe that the subduction of the oceanic plate is the major structural mechanism of the ori-nal Caledonian orogeny in southern China, and the Sinian-Early Paleozoic residual oceanic basin in southern China. In summary, the structural properties of the Caledonian orogeny are controversial. This article is more inclined to the latter point of view.