列方程解应用题是五年制小学数学第八册第一单元“简易方程”中的重点内容。 由于学生对用算术方法解应用题的思路和方法比较熟悉,刚开始学习列方程解应用题时常受思维定势的干扰,容易产生负迁移。所以分析数量关系、列方程存在着一定的困难,如有的学生列出与算术解法完全一样的特殊方程(即未知数X单独在等号的一边,而另一边则全是已知数)。因此,本节的重点应放在分析等量关系和列方程这个关键的问题上。 Column equation solution application problem is five-year elementary school mathematics eighth unit first unit “simple equation” in the key content. As students are more familiar with the ideas and methods of using arithmetic methods to solve applied problems, when they first begin to study the equations of the applied equations, they are often disturbed by thinking trends and are prone to negative transfer. Therefore, there is a certain difficulty in analyzing the quantity relations. For example, some students list the exact equations that are exactly the same as the arithmetic solutions (that is, the unknowns X are on one side of the equals sign, and the other side is all known numbers). Therefore, the emphasis of this section should be on the crucial question of analyzing equivalence relations and column equations.