财政政策是一个国家经济和社会政策最重要的组成部分之一,运用得当可促进经济协调持续发展、社会和谐稳定;反之则会阻碍经济平稳发展,带来社会不公,激化社会矛盾,造成社会动荡,甚至危及政权稳定。纵观世界各国发展历史,正如温家宝总理所说:“其实一个国家的财政史是惊心动魄的。如果你读它,会从中看到不仅仅是经济的发展,而且是社会的结构和公平正义。”这在拉美国家的现代化进程中表现得尤为明显。 Fiscal policy is one of the most important components of a country’s economic and social policies. Proper use can promote coordinated and sustained economic growth and social harmony and stability. Conversely, it will hinder steady economic development, social injustice, social conflicts and social unrest , And even endanger the stability of the regime. Looking at the history of the development of all countries in the world, as Premier Wen Jiabao said: “In fact, the financial history of a country is astonishing. If you read it, you will see that it is not just economic development but also social structure and fairness and justice. ”This is particularly evident in the modernization process in Latin American countries.