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以5年生“曙光”油桃为试验材料,设置不同施氮水平(100(N1)、200(N2)、300(N3)、400kg·hm-2(N4)),以不氮肥处理为对照(CK),研究施氮量对长江三角洲地区“曙光”油桃生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:增施氮肥能够显著促进“曙光”油桃新梢的生长,新梢长度随施氮量的增加而增加;施氮可显著提高“曙光”油桃的产量和单果质量,但超过200~300kg·hm~(-2)后氮肥增产效果不明显,氮的农学效率和偏生产力显著降低。氮肥显著影响“曙光”油桃的外观品质和内在品质。合理的施用氮肥有利于增加长江三角洲地区“曙光”油桃的果实纵径、横径和着色程度,提高果实可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量,降低总酸度,提高果实糖酸比,改善果实品质和果实口感。但过量施用氮肥会影响油桃果实的着色程度,降低油桃可溶性固形物、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量,不利于曙光油桃品质的提升。
With 5-year-old “Shuguang ” nectarine as test material, different nitrogen application rates (100 (N1), 200 (N2), 300 (N3), 400 kg · hm-2 (N4) Control (CK), to study the effects of nitrogen rate on the growth, yield and quality of “Shuguang ” nectarine in the Yangtze River Delta. The results showed that nitrogen application could significantly promote the growth of shoots of “Shuguang” nectarine. The length of shoots increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. Nitrogen application could significantly increase the yield and quality of “Shuguang” nectarines However, when 200 ~ 300kg · hm -2, the yield of nitrogen fertilizer was not obvious, and the agronomic efficiency and partial yield of nitrogen decreased significantly. Nitrogen fertilizer significantly affects the appearance quality and intrinsic quality of the “dawn” nectarines. The rational application of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to increase the vertical diameter, diameter and color of fruit of “Shuguang” nectarines in the Yangtze River Delta, increase the content of soluble solids and soluble sugar, reduce the total acidity, improve the ratio of sugar and acid of fruits and improve the fruit Quality and fruit taste. However, over-application of nitrogen fertilizer could affect the coloring of nectarine fruits, reduce the soluble solid content, vitamin C content and soluble sugar content of nectarines, which is not conducive to the improvement of dawn nectarine quality.