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本文讨论了用过盈配合方法降低零部件应力水平这一常用技术。考虑到在有些情况下采用非均匀过盈量会产生更好的效果,本文建议将过盈量表示成过盈基底的线性组合,取组合系数作设计变量。这样得到的设计便于加工,确定这些组合系数使零部件中应力最小的问题,在数学上可归结为带有二次约束的规划问题,易于求解。文中给出了几个算例,说明应用有限元法进行结构分析,应用数学规划法确定最优过盈量的方法及非均匀过盈量的优点。
This article discusses the commonly used technique for reducing the stress level of components by interference fit. Considering that in some cases the use of non-uniform interference will produce better results, this paper suggests that the amount of interference expressed as a linear combination of the infiltration base, taking the combination coefficient as a design variable. The design thus obtained is easy to process. The determination of these combination factors to minimize the stress in the components can be mathematically reduced to a programming problem with quadratic constraints, which is easy to solve. In this paper, several examples are given to illustrate the application of finite element method for structural analysis, mathematical programming method to determine the optimal amount of interference and the advantages of non-uniform interference.