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基于长江口及上海港附近海域1984年—2013年间船舶溢油事故资料,开展事故事故高发区统计、主因分析及事故分布及年际变化特征研究。结果表明:过去30年间,长江口及上海港附近海域船舶溢油事故频次呈逐年下降趋势;年溢油量、单次平均溢油量、年单次最大溢油量均逐年上升;事故分布相对集中,吴淞口附近是典型的事故高发区,金山石化码头与长江口锚地附近次之;大/中型事故所占比重逐年增大,大型事故仅在吴淞口附近、南槽附近水域发生过,中型事故多集中在吴淞口附近;大型事故原因唯一,是碰撞,中型事故主因是碰撞,次因为恶劣天气,小型事故主因是操作不当。
Based on the data of oil spill accidents from 1984 to 2013 in the sea area near the Changjiang Estuary and Shanghai Port, the statistical analysis, main cause analysis, accident distribution and interannual variation characteristics of high accident areas were carried out. The results show that in the past 30 years, the frequency of oil spill accidents in the sea area near the Changjiang Estuary and Shanghai Port has been declining year by year. Annual oil spill, single spill and annual single spill have all increased year by year. The accident distribution is relatively Concentration, Wusongkou is a typical area near the high incidence of accidents, Jinshan Petrochemical Wharf and the Yangtze River Estuary next to the anchor; the proportion of large / medium-sized accidents increased year by year, large-scale accidents only in the vicinity of Wusongkou, south trough occurred near the waters, medium The accidents are mostly concentrated near Wusongkou. The only cause of major accidents is collision. The main cause of medium-sized accidents is collision. The second is due to bad weather. The main cause of minor accidents is improper operation.