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目的:调查甘肃省回、藏等典型少数民族居民就医行为,并与该地区汉族居民进行对比,了解不同民族居民的就医需求,为精准配置医疗卫生资源,发展民族地区卫生事业提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样,从甘肃省2个少数民族自治州中抽取6个县,每个县抽取200名居民,以问卷的形式进行调查。采用χ2检验比较不同人口学特征下各民族居民就医行为,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:不同民族居民就医行为具有一定差异性,在医疗卫生机构选择上差异显著(χ2=31.083,P<0.05)。回族居民选择村卫生室及私人诊所的比例较高;藏族居民选择乡镇卫生院的比例较高;汉族居民选择省市级医院的比例较高。结论:不同民族居民就医行为存在差异。建议完善民族地区的医疗卫生服务体系,加强对少数民族居民的健康教育,充分发挥社会办医的补充作用。
Objective: To investigate the medical treatment of typical ethnic minority residents in Gansu Province, such as Hui and Zang, and to compare with the Han residents in this area to understand the medical needs of residents of different nationalities and to provide scientific basis for the accurate disposition of medical and health resources and the development of health undertakings in ethnic minority areas. Methods: Using multistage stratified random sampling, six counties from two ethnic autonomous prefectures in Gansu Province were extracted, and 200 residents were selected from each county. The questionnaires were used to investigate. The χ2 test was used to compare the medical practices of residents of different ethnic groups with different demographic characteristics. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The residents of different ethnic groups had some differences in their medical treatment, and there was a significant difference in the choice of medical and health institutions (χ2 = 31.083, P <0.05). The proportion of Hui residents selecting village clinics and private clinics is high; the proportion of Tibetan residents choosing township hospitals is higher; and the proportion of Han residents choosing provincial-level hospitals is higher. Conclusion: There are differences in medical treatment among residents of different nationalities. It is suggested to improve the medical and health service system in minority areas, strengthen the health education for ethnic minority residents and give full play to the supplementary role provided by the society.