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目的掌握江苏、浙江、宁波、上海(江浙甬沪)口岸区域鼠类种群及季节消长等变化规律,为该地区鼠类及鼠源性疾病的风险评估与防控提供依据。方法 2011—2015年,在江浙甬沪4个出入境检验检疫局所在辖区范围内各选择5个具有代表性的口岸,在工作区、生活区和外环境等生境,用鼠夹法和鼠笼法捕鼠,进行形态鉴定。结果江浙甬沪20个口岸共捕获鼠形动物8种1 255只,其中褐家鼠157只、小家鼠173只、黑线姬鼠523只、黄胸鼠163只、大麝鼩26只、臭鼩151只、黄毛鼠61只、巢鼠1只。江苏5个口岸共捕获鼠类431只,以黑线姬鼠为优势种,大麝鼩为区域内分布特有种;浙江5个口岸共捕获鼠类211只,以臭鼩为优势种群,黄毛鼠为浙江地区特有种;宁波5个口岸共捕获鼠类300只,优势种群为黄胸鼠和黑线姬鼠,黄毛鼠在该地区也有分布;上海5个口岸共捕获鼠类313只,优势鼠种为黑线姬鼠。结论江浙甬沪监测到的鼠形动物中有部分鼠种可传播肾综合症出血热、钩端螺旋体病等,应加强口岸区域鼠类的监测和防控工作。
Objective To understand the changing rules of rodent population and seasonal fluctuation in the ports of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Ningbo and Shanghai (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Ningbo and Shanghai), and to provide evidences for the risk assessment and prevention of rodent and murine diseases in this area. Methods From 2011 to 2015, five representative ports were selected in the area under the jurisdiction of the four exit-entry inspection and quarantine offices in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Ningbo and Shanghai. In the habitats such as working area, living area and external environment, Law catching rats, morphological identification. Results A total of 1 255 species of 8 species were captured in 20 ports of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Ningbo, 157 of which were Rattus norvegicus, 173 of Mus musculus, 523 of Apodemus agrarius, 163 of Rattus flavipectus, 26 of large musk deer, 151 stinks, 61 ruddy hair, 1 rodent. A total of 431 rodents were captured in 5 ports of Jiangsu Province, and Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species. Large musk deer was the endemic species in the region. 211 rodents were captured in 5 ports of Zhejiang Province, The rats were endemic to Zhejiang Province. 300 species of rodents were captured in 5 ports of Ningbo, the dominant species were Rattus flavipectus and Apodemus agrarius, and Rattus rat were also distributed in this area. 313 rats were captured in 5 ports of Shanghai, The dominant species is Apodemus agrarius. Conclusions Some rat species detected in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Ningbo and Shanghai can propagate hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis, and should be strengthened to monitor and control rodents in the port area.