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中国正在试行经济管理体制的改革。这一改革的总方针是:在社会主义原则下,改变过去集中的国家管理体制,扩大各个企业的自主权和职工参加管理企业的权力;把单一的计划调节,改为计划调节与市场调节相结合;把行政组织、行政办法管理经济,改为主要依靠经济组织、经济办法和法律办法管理经济。扩大企业自主权是这场改革的一个主要环节。一九七八年底,在最大的省份四川的六个企业开始试点。一九八○年推广到全国六千六百个国营企业。试行改革的企业在数量上所占比例虽不到百分之十六,但产值却占全国国营工业企业总产值的百分之六十左右;利润约占百分之七十。改革试行的结果显示,在发挥企业的主动性、市场商品流通的灵活性,逐步改善职工、农民生活以及推动现代化建设等方面,都发挥着积极作用。
China is experimenting with the reform of its economic management system. The general principle of this reform is: Under the principle of socialism, change the centralized state management system in the past, expand the autonomy of all enterprises and the power of employees to participate in the management of enterprises; change the single plan adjustment to the adjustment of the plan and the adjustment of the market. Combining; to change administrative organizations and administrative methods to manage the economy, rely mainly on economic organizations, economic methods, and legal methods to manage the economy. Expanding the autonomy of enterprises is a major part of this reform. In late 1978, six companies in Sichuan, the largest province, began piloting. In 1980, it was promoted to 6,600 state-owned enterprises across the country. Although the number of pilot reform enterprises was less than 16%, the output value accounted for about 60% of the total output value of the state-owned industrial enterprises, and profits accounted for about 70%. The results of the trial reform show that they have played an active role in giving full play to the initiative of enterprises, the flexibility of the circulation of commodity markets, the gradual improvement of the lives of employees and peasants, and the promotion of modernization.