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目的探讨老年患者肺部感染的原因及临床特征,以利早期诊断,及时治疗。方法回顾性分析168例肺部感染的老年患者临床表现、胸部X线特征、实验室检查、药敏试验及治疗情况。结果 168例肺部感染的老年患者中临床表现以咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷等为主;胸部X线特征阴影为小片状、大片状、斑片状及网状;实验室检查以白细胞增高者为主,占73.8%;痰普通菌培养共检出病原菌55株,其中革兰阴性杆菌26株,占47.27%,革兰阳性球菌17株,占30.91%,真菌12株,占21.82%;168例患者对第三代头孢菌素敏感113例,敏感率67.26%,对喹诺酮类药物敏感108例,敏感率64.29%,对青霉素敏感34例,敏感率20.24%;接受抗菌药物抗感染等治疗后治愈114例,占67.86%,好转42例,占25.00%,死亡12例,占7.14%。结论老年患者肺部感染表现及实验室检查等不典型,应早期、足量、合理应用抗菌药物及全身综合治疗,以降低死亡率延长患者的生命。
Objective To investigate the causes and clinical features of pulmonary infection in elderly patients in order to facilitate the early diagnosis and timely treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of 168 cases of elderly patients with pulmonary infection clinical manifestations, chest X-ray features, laboratory tests, susceptibility testing and treatment. Results The clinical manifestations of the 168 elderly patients with pulmonary infection were cough, sputum, chest tightness, etc. The chest X-ray features were patchy, large patchy, patchy and reticular; the leukocytosis Among them, 26 strains of Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 47.27%, 17 strains of Gram-positive cocci accounted for 30.91% and 12 strains of fungi accounted for 21.82%. 168 patients were sensitive to the third generation cephalosporins in 113 cases, the sensitivity was 67.26%, quinolones sensitive in 108 cases, the sensitivity rate was 64.29%, sensitive to penicillin in 34 cases, the sensitivity rate of 20.24%; antimicrobial anti-infective therapy After the cure 114 cases, accounting for 67.86%, 42 cases improved, accounting for 25.00%, 12 died, accounting for 7.14%. Conclusion The pulmonary infection in elderly patients and laboratory tests are not typical, should be early, adequate, rational use of antimicrobial agents and systemic treatment to reduce mortality and prolong the life of patients.