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目的了解潍坊市城乡儿童口腔健康状况及对适宜儿童实施窝沟封闭项目状况,为更好地开展口腔教育和防龋干预提供参考。方法对潍坊市19所城乡小学二年级儿童共2 967名进行口腔健康检查和口腔卫生知识问卷调查,对适宜儿童实施第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭术。结果乡村儿童乳牙患龋率和第一恒磨牙患龋率均高于城区儿童(P值均<0.05),第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率城区高于乡村(χ~2=41.622,P<0.01)。城区儿童对引起龋齿的不良行为和牙齿的自我保护方法知识掌握程度高于乡村儿童;将口腔卫生保健教育纳入学生课堂教育学校的儿童口腔卫生知识掌握程度高于未开展口腔卫生保健教育的学校,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);城区儿童刷牙行为较农村儿童明显规范(P值均<0.01)。结论儿童口腔健康状况形势严峻,学校教育对儿童口腔健康行为影响较大。学校、社会和家长应共同努力,积极实施窝沟封闭项目,预防儿童第一恒磨牙龋齿的发生。
Objective To understand the state of oral health of children in urban and rural areas of Weifang city and the status of pit and fissure sealant project in suitable children, so as to provide reference for better oral education and prevention of dental caries. Methods A total of 2967 children from 19 primary and secondary schools in Weifang City were enrolled in the oral health examination and oral hygiene survey. The first molars pit and fissure sealant was applied to the children. Results The caries prevalence of primary deciduous teeth in rural children and the prevalence of the first permanent molar were higher than those in urban children (P <0.05). The first permanent molar pit fissure sealant rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (χ ~ 2 = 41.622, P <0.01) ). Children in urban areas have a higher level of knowledge about dental caries-causing malnutrition and tooth self-protection methods than children from rural areas; children with oral health education in children's classroom education have a higher level of oral hygiene knowledge than those without oral health education, (P <0.05). The brushing behavior of urban children was significantly more standardized than that of rural children (P <0.01). Conclusion The situation of children's oral health is grim, and school education has a greater impact on children's oral health behaviors. Schools, society and parents should work together to actively implement the fissure ditch closure project to prevent children's first permanent molar tooth decay.