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目的调查湖南省某艾滋病比较集中的地区的HIV感染者及其家属的社会健康状况,探讨社会健康状况与应对方式、社会支持之间的关系。方法采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)中的心理健康评定子量表、社会支持评定量表(SSAS)以及特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ),对HIV感染者、HIV感染者的家属、普通村民(对照组)进行调查。结果1)HIV感染者及其家属的主观最大压力来源大都是经济问题。2)在社会健康各维度、应对方式以及支持总分上,感染组、家属组与对照组之间的差异均有统计学意义。3)HIV感染者的支持利用度的得分与社会资源和社会接触的得分、社会支持的得分正相关,积极应对的得分与角色活动、社会适应的得分正相关。4)HIV感染者家属的主观支持的得分与角色活动和社会适应的得分、社会资源和社会接触的得分正相关,文化程度与社会支持的得分正相关。结论1)提高当地人的知识文化水平会在一定程度上改善艾滋病感染者的社会健康状况。2)HIV感染者及其家属的应对方式较为消极,对支持的利用程度较低,社会健康状况较差,有必要对他们实施心理干预。
Objective To investigate the social health status of HIV-infected persons and their families in a relatively concentrated area of AIDS in Hunan Province and to explore the relationship between social health status, coping style and social support. Methods The mental health assessment sub-scale, social support rating scale (SSAS) and trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ) in self-rated health assessment scale (SRHMS) were used to analyze the relationship between HIV-infected persons, (Control group) to investigate. Results 1) The most subjective sources of stress on HIV-infected persons and their families are mostly economic problems. 2) There were significant differences in all dimensions of social health, coping styles and support scores, infection group, family members and control group. 3) The score of supportive utilization of HIV-infected persons is positively correlated with the score of social resources and social contact and the score of social support. The positive coping score is positively correlated with the score of role and social adaptation. 4) The scores of subjective support of family members of HIV-infected people are positively correlated with scores of social activities and social adaptation scores, social resources and social contact. The educational level is positively correlated with the score of social support. Conclusion 1) To improve the local people’s knowledge and cultural level will to some extent improve the social health of people living with HIV. 2) HIV-infected people and their families have more negative coping styles, lower supportive use, poor social health status and psychological intervention.