发动机结构与缸垫有密切的关系,须注意下列四点: 1.发动机结构能确保适当的接触压力分布和螺栓紧固力; 2.热膨胀、振动等,不应使密封受到大的影响; 3.接触面的表面粗糙度、不平度等,应在允许的范围内; 4.应具有足够的密封宽度。如前所述,如果使缸垫接触压力均匀,螺栓紧固力小些即可;也可消除发动机各部分的残余变形。为此,设计人员有必要对缸体等的强度、刚性反复研究。缸垫与螺栓等标准件不同,要根据需要采用不同的材料和结构,但没有系统的设计方法。近年来,由于电子计算机的显著发展,也有试用有限元计算法的。象缸体、缸盖之类过于复杂的三维结构体,目前在 The structure of the engine is closely related to the cylinder head gasket. The following four points should be noted: 1. The structure of the engine ensures proper contact pressure distribution and bolt tightening force. 2. Thermal expansion, vibration, etc. should not be greatly affected by the seal. The contact surface roughness, roughness, etc., should be within the allowable range; 4. Should have sufficient seal width. As mentioned earlier, if the cylinder head contact pressure is uniform, the bolt fastening force can be smaller; also eliminate the residual deformation of the engine parts. To this end, designers need to cylinder strength, rigidity repeatedly studied. Cylinder pads and bolts and other standard parts, according to the need to use different materials and structures, but there is no systematic design. In recent years, due to the remarkable development of electronic computers, there are also trials of finite element method. Like the cylinder, cylinder head and the like too complicated three-dimensional structure, at present