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前言近10年来,随着半导体技术与集成电路工艺的不断提高,计算机科学与工程得到了飞速地发展,计算机的应用日益广泛和深入。它和通讯技术相结合构成了各种各样集中式或分布式网络,形成了巨大的资源,联系着千千万万个用户。从系统结构来说,微型计算机和超微型计算机,巨型计算机和超巨型计算机以及整个大叫中小型计算机序列都正在日新月异地蓬勃发展之中。当前所谓巨型计算机是指运算速度在亿次/秒以上,主存容量在100万字以上,外存容量在10亿字节以上,配有比较完整的外围设备,具有巨大的数值计算能力和数
Preface In recent 10 years, with the continuous improvement of semiconductor technology and integrated circuit technology, computer science and engineering have been developed rapidly, and the application of computers is becoming more extensive and in-depth. It combines with communication technology to form a variety of centralized or distributed networks, forming a huge resource, linked to tens of millions of users. In terms of system architecture, microcomputers and supercomputers, supercomputers and supercomputers, as well as the entire sequence of computer-small and medium-sized computers are rapidly evolving. The so-called giant computer refers to the computing speed of billions / second or more, the main memory capacity of more than 1 million words, the memory capacity of more than 1 billion bytes, with a relatively complete peripheral equipment, has a huge numerical computing power and number