本文从中国自由主义启蒙运动的背景分析入手，通过对五四诸子“个人社群观”嬗交流程的脉络梳理，来揭示彰显其内在思想张力之生成及缓解的深层缘由。作者认为，西方自由主义的原生基石预设于“个人主义”所取得的毋庸置疑的先验地位之上，而中国近代自由主义则与此迥然有别。虽然在新文化运动初期，激进派为了摆脱两难困境，曾经一度突破了保守派布下的樊篱，逼近触摸到“个人本位”的观念，但在“启蒙的屈辱”的心理作用下，很快又回撤到早期先驱者的归宿窠臼中去，重新操持起“社群本位”这一当代社群主义的主流话语。这种在中国近代思潮史上屡见不鲜的殊途同归现象，究其根源乃在于，当面临着与生俱来的内心撕裂之痛苦时，亲历者往往采取了二者择一的一元化思维进路，抑或是某种笼统模糊的调和手段，亟欲强行将之缓解。而从如此颟顸浮躁的心态出发，在现实政治的运作过程中只能导致其“价值理性”与“工具理性”的相背离。 This article begins with the background analysis of the liberalism Enlightenment in China and reveals the underlying causes of the formation and mitigation of its internal ideological tension through the contextualization of the evolution process of the “individual community”. The author believes that the original cornerstone of Western liberalism is presupposed by the undoubted a priori status of “individualism,” while modern liberalism in China is totally different from this. In the early days of the New Culture Movement, in order to get rid of the dilemma, radical radicals once broke through the barriers set by the conservatives and approached the notion of “individual-oriented” touch. However, under the psychological influence of “humiliation of enlightenment,” they soon returned Retreated to the fate of early pioneers, and re-adopted the mainstream discourse of contemporary communitarianism as “community-based”. This kind of common phenomenon in the history of modern Chinese thought is the same as it is in the history of modern Chinese thought. The root of it is that when faced with the inherent tear of the pain, the witness often adopts a one-way or two-way thinking approach, or Some kind of general vague reconciliation means urgently wants to ease it. However, starting from such a fickle attitude, it can only lead to the departure of its “value rationality” and “instrumental rationality” in the operation of the real politics.