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一、研究不育细胞质多样性的意义目前世界上杂交高粱几乎全部依赖于一种细胞质雄性不育体系(即迈罗细胞质)来生产杂交种。据 W.M.Ross(1979)统计,美国生产的粒用杂交种中含有迈罗细胞质的母体达97.1%,我国现今生产上使用的不育系均为迈罗细胞质。如此狭窄的细胞质基础,已引起学者们的重视。因为品种基因型的单一化,细胞质的单一化,生产上势必存在着一种潜在的危险性。如1840年爱尔兰的马铃薯因品种单一化而毁于病害;本世纪五十年代末,我国小麦品种碧玛一号曾推广近一亿亩,后因不抗新的锈病小种而被淘汰;美国曾因单一应用 T 型细胞质雄性不育系生产杂种玉米使小斑病严重发生。鉴于上述存在的品种基因型和细胞质狭窄
First, the significance of studying the diversity of sterile cytoplasm At present, almost all the hybrid sorghum in the world relies on a cytoplasmic male sterility system (ie, Milo cytoplasm) to produce hybrids. According to W. M. Ross (1979), 97.1% of the malo cytoplasmic maize hybrids produced in the United States are used as maize cytoplasm in our country. Such a narrow cytoplasmic foundation has attracted the attention of scholars. Because of the simplification of genotypes and the simplification of the cytoplasm, there is bound to be a potential danger in production. For example, in 1840, potato in Ireland was destroyed due to the simplification of cultivars. In the late 1950s, China’s wheat cultivar Bima No.1 had spread nearly 100 million mu and was eliminated because it did not resist the new rust race. For a single application of T-type cytoplasmic male sterile lines of hybrid corn so that the occurrence of small spot disease serious. Given the above-mentioned variety genotypes and cytoplasmic stenosis