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为了确定引起棉花障碍型冷害的主导气象因子,达到及时预报、减轻损失的目的,2003—2005年在新疆石河子棉区乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站内,通过智能人工气候箱实施低温处理试验,模拟2001年石河子地区发生障碍型冷害时的温、湿度变化,并做不同光照强度处理的对比试验。结果表明,棉花在花铃期遭受异常低温冷害之后,其叶片、蕾和幼铃都会出现异常脱落现象,并且其蕾和幼铃先于叶片表现出受害现象,其减少率也大于叶片;而且受害程度不仅与冷害过程中的温、湿度及光照强度有关,而且与冷害发生前所处的环境条件密切相关。
In order to determine the dominant meteorological factors causing the cold damage in cotton and to achieve the purpose of timely forecast and mitigation of losses, a low-temperature treatment experiment was conducted in the Wulanwo Su Agricultural Meteorological Experiment Station in Shihezi Sub-region of Xinjiang from 2003 to 2005 to simulate Changes of temperature and humidity in the Shihezi region during the occurrence of obstructive chilling injury in 2001 and comparison experiments of different light intensity treatments. The results showed that the leaves, buds and young bell were abnormally shed after being exposed to chilling injury at the flowering and boll stage, and their buds and young bell showed damage before the leaves and the rate of decrease was greater than that of the leaves. The degree is not only related to the temperature, humidity and light intensity during chilling injury, but also closely related to the environmental conditions before the chilling injury occurs.