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目的对1例制药企业职业性变应原致职业性哮喘死亡病例进行分析。方法结合死者的职业史、现场职业卫生调查、死者就诊及抢救的病历资料,根据GBZ 57—2008《职业性哮喘诊断标准》进行诊断。结果死者既往无患病史,6年前调换工作岗位后出现典型的过敏性支气管哮喘临床表现及急性发作经过。工作中有乙二胺、6-氨基青霉烷酸结构的青霉素类、甲醛和过硫酸铵等多种职业性变应原接触史,在排除了其他可引起哮喘的原因后,最后被诊断为职业性重度哮喘。结论早发现、早诊断、早治疗、及早脱离致哮喘作业环境可有效避免职业性哮喘的发生,延缓病情发展,避免此类死亡事件的发生。
Objective To analyze the cases of occupational asthma death caused by occupational allergens in a pharmaceutical enterprise. Methods According to the occupational history of the deceased, the occupational health survey on the spot, the medical records of the deceased and the rescue, the diagnosis was made according to GBZ 57-2008 “Diagnostic criteria of occupational asthma”. Results The deceased had no previous history of illness. A typical allergic bronchial asthma clinical manifestation and acute exacerbation occurred after the exchange of jobs six years ago. Work in the ethylenediamine, penicillin 6 - aminopenicillanic acid structure, formaldehyde and ammonium persulfate and other occupational allergens exposure history, ruled out the other causes of asthma, was finally diagnosed as Occupational severe asthma. Conclusion Early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, and early departure from the asthma working environment can effectively prevent the occurrence of occupational asthma, delay the progression of the disease and avoid the occurrence of such deaths.