电力市场中的辅助服务一般都是集中处理的。系统运行人员负责确定并购买所需的备用容量 ,再把相应的费用分摊给用户。备用容量决策一般基于经验和规程 ,不进行优化计算 ,所以这种做法可能导致低效率。在市场环境中 ,应鼓励采用分散决策方法 ,以便通过市场的“无形之手”达到市场均衡点和市场效率。文中提出了两种分散决策方法来确定备用容量 ,即分别基于合同和联营体的分散决策方法。这两种方法在实现中均应用保险理论来引导备用容量的最优分散决策 ,并同时减少用户的停电损失。证明了在一定条件下 ,基于联营体的方法更加有效 ,可以在电力市场中考虑采用 Auxiliary services in the electricity market are generally handled centrally. The system operator is responsible for identifying and purchasing the spare capacity needed and then allocating the corresponding costs to the user. Reserve capacity decisions are generally based on experience and discipline and are not optimized, so this practice can lead to inefficiencies. In a market environment, decentralized decision-making methods should be encouraged in order to achieve market equilibrium and market efficiency through the “invisible hand” of the market. In this paper, two decentralized decision-making methods are proposed to determine the reserve capacity, that is, the decentralized decision-making method based on contracts and affiliates respectively. Both of these approaches apply insurance theory in their implementation to guide the optimal decentralized decision making of spare capacity while reducing the power outage of users. It proves that under certain conditions, the method based on consortia is more effective and can be considered in the electricity market