应用透射电镜技术结合图像分析观察了老龄大鼠海马CA_3区神经元超微结构的改变,并对比观察了人参皂甙对超微结构的影响.结果表明:老龄组神经元脂褐素数量比青年组增加6倍(P<0.01),面积增加9倍(P<0.01);而给药组脂褐素数量比老龄组减少18%(P<0.05),面积减少31%(P<0.05).此外,老龄组神经元内线粒体等细胞器出现明显变性、坏死、突触变性,神经毡内出现髓样体,膜性结构等异常改变;而给药组上述改变均见明显减轻或不出现. The ultrastructural changes of hippocampal CA_3 neurons in aged rats were observed by transmission electron microscopy and image analysis, and the effects of ginsenosides on the ultrastructure were observed. The results showed that the number of neuronal lipofuscin in senile rats was higher than that in young rats (P <0.01), while the amount of lipofuscin in treated group decreased by 18% (P <0.05) and the area was reduced by 31% (P <0.05) In the aged group, mitochondria and other organelles showed obvious degeneration, necrosis and synaptic degeneration, and abnormal appearance of medullary bodies and membranous structures appeared in the neuropil of the neurons. However, the changes in the administration group were significantly reduced or not seen.