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企业体制机构的设置及其变革、发展,总是同生产发展的水平密切相关的。随着工业社会由小规模、分散的工场手工业发展到大规模生产的机器大工业,企业体制机构的设置形式经历了由直线制、职能制到生产区域制的发展过程。第一次世界大战后,随着经济的发展,企业规模的不断扩大,产品种类不断增加,管理越来越复杂,一切由最高管理者直接集中管理,力不从心,困难重重,在资本主义世界的大中企业中,又出现了分权的事业部管理体制。据1969年统计,美国最大的500家公司,有76%采用了这种体制,目前日本大约有近半数的大企业和三分之一
The establishment, reform, and development of enterprise institutional institutions are always closely related to the level of production development. With the development of industrial society from small-scale, decentralized workshops and handicraft industries to the large-scale production of machine-building industries, the form of enterprise institutional institutions has undergone a process of development from the straight-line system, the functional system to the production area system. After the First World War, with the development of the economy, the scale of the company continued to expand, the variety of products continued to increase, and management became more and more complex. All were directly managed by the top management, unable to cope with the difficulties, and faced with great difficulties. In the mid-tier companies, there has also emerged a decentralized division management system. According to statistics from 1969, 76% of the 500 largest companies in the United States have adopted such a system. At present, there are approximately half of Japan’s large companies and one-third of them.