何为人格,何为独立的人格?这是不易说清的问题。我认为,独立的人格,就是个体性强烈表现出来的特殊性,但并未超出所属群体的共性。群体可能是狭獈的,也可能是广泛的,代表的群体越大、越普遍,独立人格的价值就越大、越高尚。很多时候,有独立人格的人反而被群体认为是异类,他们的命运往往和群体的命运有很大的不同。司马迁在《太史公自序》中提到的那些典型人物,大概就是这类人物。在今天的民主社会中,这类人物也 What is personality, what is an independent personality? This is not easy to say. In my opinion, the independent personality is the particularity manifested by the individuality, but it does not go beyond the commonalities of the groups to which it belongs. Groups may be narrow-minded or broad-based. The larger and more representative the groups, the greater the value of independent personality and the more noble they are. In many cases, people with independent personality are instead considered by the group to be heterogeneous, and their fate is often very different from the fate of the group. The typical figures mentioned by Sima Qian in “Taishishi public order” are probably such people. In today’s democratic society, such people are also