本文是消化内镜在常见临床情况下应用的系列讨论之一,由美国消化内镜学会提供.在撰写这一指南的过程中,除MEDLINE检索到的文章外,还参考一些专家推荐的文章.内镜的合理应用指南是基于目前的一些重要的综述和专家共识.还需要大量的临床对照研究加以确定和必要的修订.临床上遇到情况和指南有所差异时应适当调整. This article is one of a series of series of articles on the application of digestive endoscopy in common clinical situations and was provided by the American Society for Digestive Endoscopy. In addition to the MEDLINE-retrieved articles, reference was also made to articles recommended by the experts during the course of writing this guideline. The guide to the rational use of endoscopy is based on a number of important present reviews and expert consensus, and a large number of clinical controlled studies are needed to be identified and revised as necessary.